Acid-resisting alloy



Patented June 9, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALVAI-I W. CLEMENT, OF EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASS IGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO WILLIAM H. SMITH, OF EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO.

ACID-RESISTING ALLOY.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALVAH W, CLEMENT, a citizen of the United States, residing at East Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio,'h=a=ve invented-a certain new and useful Improvement in Acid-Resisting Alloys, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to an alloy which has inherently many valuable properties, notable among which is its resistance to cor rosion by the action of acids, acid fumes either dry or wet, as well as hotdilute acid, which as is Well known, is one of the mostdiflicult of corrosive substances to handle in .a commercial way.

Its resistive property to the corrosive action of acids makes the alloy exceedingly useful in the manufacture of various articles and utensils which are necessary'or useful in the handling of the acids in the various forms before mentioned, either in the manufacture of the acids, in processes which utilize acids in the performance thereof and therefore require suitable utensils and articles' for the handling of the acid, or in containers or similar articles in which the acids in their various forms may be stored and from which they may be dispensed.

While I have mentioned vas perhaps the most important property of the proposed alloy, its resistance to corrosion by acids, I do not limit myself in this particular, vas the alloy is generally .resistant to, other cor rosive substances; furthermore there are other properties'inherent in the alloy which 7 permit of its being put to. other uses which are quite as important in the arts.

The proposed alloy consists of nickel, chromium, iron, molybdenum, manganese and carbon. The proportions in which the above mentioned elements may becombined will depend upon the particular corrosive substance to which it is desired that the alloy be resistant.

Where the alloy is to be used in the fabrication of articles designed to be utilized in the handling of sulphuric acid in its various forms, that is to say, either hot or cold, or concentrated or dilute, also in the handling of hydrochloric acid in its various forms and in the handling either of the before mentioned acids in gaseous form, I may utilize nickel, chromium, iron, molybdenum and manganese as the metal portions of the iron,

- Application filed December li, 1917. Serial No. 207,427.

alloy with a certain amount of carbon which appears in the final alloy in its combined state.

As before stated, varying proportions of "the various elements mentioned may be utilized in accordance with the particular degree of resistance which is deslred, and I ,will state the following as'an example of in the proper proportions as stated.

111 such an alloy the carbon will for the most part be found in the final alloy in its combined state, appearing as a carbide of chrmi'iium and molybdenum. The magauese aids in securing the carbon in its combined form in the final alloy.

In order to insure that the carbon in the final alloy is in combined condition, I may proceed in utilizing the alloy, by fabricating the desired article from the alloy without regard to the condition in which the carbon may be found in thealloy. After theartiole is made, it may be heated to approximately a bright orange color and quenched in cold water. This treatment will cause a very complete formation of the carbides of iron,

chromium and molybdenum which will render the article made from the alloy exceedingly resistant to the action of sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid in the various forms in which it may behandled.

tricate molds without diflioulty, and it has been found that structures in which the walls are comparatively thin are highly satisfactory for holding corrosive liquids even under high pressures.

The alloy has a high melting point in the neighborhood of 2200 degreesjis malleable The foregoing treatment-of the article is I Ill) and ductile when hot pr cold, and is easily machinable.

The alloy is also well adapted for -use as chromium and iron, in which the nickel-is greater than 50%, the chromium-approximately the. balance consisting principally of iron together with an appreciable amount of molybdenum but not greater than approximately 8%.

2. An alloy containing principally nickel, chromium and iron, in which the chromium is approximately 15%, the nickel approximately 65%, and the balance consisting principally of iron together with an appreciable amount of molybdenum but not greater than approximately 8%.

3. An alloy containing principally nickel,

chromium and ironin which the (nickel and chromium form more than 50% of the alloy and the chromium being approximately 15%,

andthe balance consisting principally of iron together with an appreciable amount of molybdenum but not proximately 8%.

- 4. An alloy contaming nickel, chromium,

approximately 65%, the chromium ap'proximately 15 the molybdenum approximately 8%, the remainder consisting principally ol 6. An alloy containing si ibstantially 65 per cent of nickel, substantiallylfi per cent of chromium, substantially 8 per cent of molybdenum, substantially 2 per cent of manganese, substantially 1 to 2 per cent of carbon, and the balance iron.-

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature.

ALVAH W. CLEMENT.

greater than ap- 

